Gynecological Cancer in Middle Euphrates Region of Iraq, 2012-2020

Approximately 1.3 million new cases of gynecological malignancy are diagnosed yearly [1]. More than one quarter of newly diagnosed cancer cases in women are gynecological cancer. There are many risk factors such as human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, smoking, increased body weight, and long-term use of birth control pills [2-3].

Here we investigated gynecological cancer distribution in Al-Hussein cancer center in Karbala province of Iraq from 2012 to 2020. This center was established in November 2011 with oncology & hematology wards while health authorities in Karbala are planning for establishing radiotherapy department in future. This centre covers not only Karbala population but other patients from Middle Euphrates region in Iraq are referred to this center for solid & hematological malignancy treatment [4]. There were 469 cases of gynecological cancer registered in our center, ovarian cancer was the most common with 270 patients (57.57 %) followed by uterine cancer 120 patients (25.59%), cervical cancer 67 patients (14.29%), choriocarcinomas 8 patients (1.70%), vaginal cancer 3 patients (0.64%) and vulvar cancer 1 patients (0.21%) as shown in (Figure 1) .

Mean age was 49.81 years , age range (2-95) years. Patients above 40 years old represent the majority of cases (72.29%). While those ≤ 20 years only (13.22%) as shown in (Table 1).

Age groups Ovarian Uterine Cervical Choriocarcinomas Vaginal Vulvar Total
N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%)
0-10 37 (13.70%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 37 (7.89%)
11-20 21 (7.78%) 1 (0.83%) 0 (0.00%) 3 (37.50%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 25 (5.33%)
21-30 16 (5.93%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 5 (62.50%) 2 (66.67%) 0 (0.00%) 23 (4.90%)
31-40 31 (11.48) 9 (7.50%) 5 (7.46%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 45 (9.59%)
41-50 56 (20.74%) 30 (25.00%) 27 (40.30 %) 0 (0.00%) 1 (33.33%) 0 (0.00%) 114 (24.31%)
51-60 55 (20.37%) 41 (34.17%) 19 (28.36%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 115 (24.52%)
61-70 41 (15.19%) 31 (25.84%) 12 (17.91%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 84 (17.91%)
71-80 11 (4.07%) 6 (5.00%) 4 (5.97%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 21 (4.48%)
81-90 1 (0.37%) 1 (0.83%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 1 (100%) 3 (0.64%)
91-100 1 (0.37%) 1 (0.83%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 0 (0.00%) 2 (0. 43%)
Total 270 (100%) 120 (100%) 67 (100%) 8 (100%) 3 (100%) 1 (100%) 469 (100%)

Our study may help to provide basic information about gynecological cancer to assess progress in recent years and to develop future cancer treatment strategies.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest .

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